Above: “La Femme Deadly Venoms Female DJS Beat makers”, included in the resource selections below.

List of online resources and music selection for week 7 of Hip-Hop to Dubstep, taught during the summer of 2013 at The New School’s  Media Studies, Department of Communication. I will be releasing brief notes based on my class lectures in the near future. If interested in looking at the actual class webpage with all the weekly selections at once, feel free to peruse this link: http://navasse.net/NS/NCOM3039A/. My notes will not be available on the class webpage, only on each corresponding entry here on Remix Theory. Please note that links may become broken. If and when this happens, the best thing to do is to search for the source by name. And do let me know if anything is broken and I will look into it.

View:
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Part 4
Part 5
Part 6

Week 7
International Horizon/Diversification
July 15 – 19, 2013

Music Selecion and Relevant Links:

Girls Gone Vinyl, Documentary
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/24/girls-gone-vinyl-documentary-female-djs-movement-detroit_n_1542210.html
Girls Gone Vinyl on YouTube Selections:
http://www.youtube.com/user/girlsgonevinyl
Girls Gone Vinyl website:
http://www.girlsgonevinyl.com/

Hip Hop: The Furious Force of Rhymes: Women in Hip Hop
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8_adOF-VOh8&feature=c4-overview&playnext=1&list=TLaqu0mcSSNYo

Top Ten Female DJs in the World:
http://bestfemaledjs.wordpress.com/

Female DJs: We’re taking over
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WTlg72UMEPo

Female DJ Documentary – Girls In The Mix
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_LAnGI5-lwA

La Femme Deadly Venoms Female DJS Beat makers
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4gMBKF2Tr_o

DJ Miss Roxx @ Stand Pioneer – Mix Move Discom – 2012
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RzMukpVg6IA

How Women Are Portrayed in Hip Hop VIdeos
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r2q5zlgkKas

Who Controls The Image Of Black Women AND Why Is Michelle Obama Always A Target ?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-6Edp3vXZdc

Ladies of Rap – Hip Hop Legends
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=saSUeq2jkFM

Tricia Rose: Hip Hop Futures
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tf8db7ZGGBk

Rock Steady Crew talk about women portrayal in hip hop and rap music:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nae1LR8a6Rg

Global Hip Hop Documentary Part 1 of 2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OdrpSIxFBv8
Global Hip Hop Documentary Part 2 of 2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jOU56gQmiX8

Making Sense of Globalization: Japanese Hip Hop Culture 1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EB4tccVWYOM
Making Sense of Globalization: Japanese Hip Hop Culture 2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ChmXWdBp8vo

Nigerian DJs TV – Hip Hop World in Nigeria
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TnHFLXenZoI

Hip-Hop Culture in Latin America
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04i2tEV_UDo
Hip Hop South America
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LU1zugz1zvY

Latino Hip Hop YouTube Selection
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2qXPXkdNbb0&list=
PLF12271F68AB3C83E

Ten Female DJs You Should Know
http://flavorwire.com/228632/10-female-djs-you-should-know
Ellen Allien
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S6LEuoJZZmY
Magda @ Florida (23-04-11)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0zxjREmnjhk
Lauren Flax
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vDErC8-MrUw
Maya Jane Coles – What They Say
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2q7mbbBmSc
Miss Kittin DJ Set at Webster Hall 7/2/10
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b4K6tAN0FOw
Cassy @ DEMF 2008 part 1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YoqxfgCMz1Y
Jennifer Cardini @ Piknic Electronic 30 08 2008 Part 1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rT9XdlKasI8
Anja Schneider @ Loveparade 2008
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D-o_rsv9CaE

Exclusive interview with Psycho Bitch @ Rue 13 St Louis MO
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I26B_WTUJXs

Female DJ Pioneers:

DJ Sharon White
http://djsharonwhite01.podomatic.com/

Susan Marobito
http://djmorabito.com/music.cfm

Nancy Noise
http://www.nancynoise.com/

Lisa Loud Miles for Sound
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGWXePAz6pc
https://soundcloud.com/lisa-loud

DJ Shortee – “Coffee Cuts” Scratch Practice 9/14/06
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=095kNKAjLSM
Rane Sixty Two DJ Faust DJ Shortee | NAMM 2013 |
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xC4MDRAA650
TurntableU.com Lesson – DJ Shortee
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AYY6OSyUgh4
DJ Shortee’s Main website
http://www.djshortee.com/

DJ Storm @ Metalheadz
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FmikLIDlYAY
Kemistry & Storm with MC Flux & MC Navigator
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D1aKcrfuxXM

Contemporary DJs

DJ Shiva:
http://www.subterror.com/djshiva/shivaaudio.htm
DJ Shiva on Beatport
http://dj.beatport.com/djshiva

DJ Rap – Bad Girl (Bad Girl Roller Remix)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QY14ZIH_e6Q
Journeys Through the Land of Drum ‘n’Bass (Album)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=diebfnpf_Xc

Lady Waks & DJ ICON @ Record Club # 168 (07-03-2012)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e85m-634c8Y
DJ Icon Tracks
http://www.djicon.com/music/tracks.html

Sister Bliss
http://www.mixcloud.com/SisterBlissOfficial/

Ellen Allien
http://www.discogs.com/artist/Ellen+Allien
Ellen Allien – Sun The Rain
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hAdy15aO2Qs
Ellen Allien – Take Me Out
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x5rYcd73mOM
Allien’s Label Bpitch Control
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DoxUiqUpkw4&list=PL737AA8061CFB11DC

Female MCs/Rapper Pioneers:

Queen Latifah
http://queenlatifah.com/
Queen Latifah, YouTube Channel:
http://www.youtube.com/artist/queen-latifah
Queen Latifah YouTube Music Selection:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B3PfGRsWFIk&feature=
c4-overview&playnext=1&list=TLIVnn5SOiNvg

Monie Love – It’s A Shame (My Sister)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KSU73awbZUw
Samples from The Spinners’ “It’s a Shame”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DE0EOIqwiQI
Monie Love (feat. True Image) – “It’s A Shame (My Sister)” Extended MIx
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pViDkF2MIWQ
Monie Love – Monie In Middle
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aCwMFwvwieo

MC Lyte – Paper Thin
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WH5CmB44TaY
MC Lyte YouTube Music Selection
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A2IZtD9gfzg&list=
PL100B229CADF5C40C

Roxanne, Roxanne – U.T.F.O. (1984)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sgaedPLT43k
The Roxanne Battles from the BEEF II DVD
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yu6nxP34EeI
Roxanne Shante: “Roxanne’s Revenge”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zVy2LHKFG18
The Real Roxanne – The Real Roxanne
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1eNO4bLrT0
The Roxanne Battles
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yu6nxP34EeI

Salt n Pepa – “Push It”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCadcBR95oU
Salt n Pepa – “Let’S Talk About Sex”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qzfo4txaQJA
Salt n Pepa “Shake Your Thang”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vd9JLyEp3rc
Salt n Pepa – “Expression” (remix)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o91eIeMiuEo
Salt n Pepa – Expression (Ben Liebrand’s Hard Ecu Mix) 1992
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oj-7WlJMYeA

Missy Elliot – Work It
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UODX_pYpVxk
Missy Elliot YouTube Music Selection
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FPoKiGQzbSQ&list=
PL8ACE8ED2989A4F35

Not a rapper, but a poet and playwright, who breaks it down:
Sarah Jones’s “Your Revolution”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRgIGMwZd2o
Ninja Tune’s “Your Revolution” Remix by DJ Vadim featuring Sarah Jones (released in 2000):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m331XR4oPw0

International Selections:

Global Hip Hop Songs
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C99DastyWnY&list=PLA72A697A9A870858
Brazilian Hip Hop Tunes:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jr6_pQm1n-U&list=PLD8A36B928A0A3997

To get a sense of how hip hop as a culture can no longer be claimed solely as a U.S. activity view the Planet B-Boy Documentary
Planet B-Boy (Trailer)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PpntYFfVoQU
Planet B-Boy DVD
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RWGqwcQKvFM

Reggaeton brings together elements of U.S. rap, Jamaican Dancehall, and afro-latin sounds:

Reggaeton vs. Hip-Hop Music Video Mini-Mix
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GbKYlBvp0Gc

Daddy Yankee – La Noche De Los Dos ft. Natalia Jimenez
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GDBaeQ5JPuU
Daddy Yankee – Descontrol
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LpoFBlH4wMI

Reggaeton Mix 2013 HD Daddy Yankee, Don Omar, Pitbull, J Alvarez, Wisin Yandel, Arcangel, Dj Eduardo
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jWJrWsQzRvo

Above: “The Rise Of Dubstep | Documentary”, included in the resource selections below.

List of online resources and music selection for week 6 of Hip-Hop to Dubstep, taught during the summer of 2013 at The New School’s  Media Studies, Department of Communication. I will be releasing brief notes based on my class lectures in the near future. If interested in looking at the actual class webpage with all the weekly selections at once, feel free to peruse this link: http://navasse.net/NS/NCOM3039A/. My notes will not be available on the class webpage, only on each corresponding entry here on Remix Theory. Please note that links may become broken. If and when this happens, the best thing to do is to search for the source by name. And do let me know if anything is broken and I will look into it.

View:
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Part 4
Part 5

Week 6
UK Garage/Dubstep
July 8 – 12, 2013

Music Selecion and Relevant Links:

UK Garage Documentary
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=toV3mVjpl2w

A History of Dubstep in 4 Minutes – BBC Radio 1’s Stories
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aq8MSXitgJ0
A History of Dubstep – The BBC Radio 1 Chronicles
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LTHNgUUvcR0

The Rise of Dubstep Documentary
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d5xm50c45U4

Dubfiles – Dubstep Documentary (2008)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tFTu33uW8gA

Dubstep vs Drum n Bass: Icicle
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pEKOTKnfEAs

Rise of the Bedroom Producer – A Dance Music Documentary 2011
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZzUQxp0vcNw

The Year In Music: Dubstep’s Identity Crisis:
http://www.npr.org/blogs/therecord/2010/12/30/132447535/
the-year-in-music-dubsteps-identity-crisis

UK Garage:

24 Hours Experience – “Together” (1994)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gjz6Nz9HGq0
Note that this is basically a house record. This a transitional song towards UK Garage as it came to eventually evolved in the well-known MJ Cole “Sincere” (see below).
24 Hour Experience – Together (Robbie Styles Remix)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pBSKDx8f0aE

Roy Davis Jr. – Gabrielle (1996)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=721chzu9gJE

Tina Moore – “Never Gonna Let You Go” (1997)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C9VIBwOULKQ

Double 99 Ripgroove (1997)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tHPp2JvRY-o

Antonio – “Hyperfunk” (1998)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQUkD1fTVPs
Antonio – Hyperfunk (Bootleg Brotherz bassic 2012 remix)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1uWxI8lER7I

Sound of One – As I Am (Todd Edwards Mix, 1998)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0x1b2qy4Z0

MJ Cole – “Sincere” (2001)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cy-djtiU5RE
MJ Cole – “Sincere” (Mig’s Petalpusher Vocal Remix, 2001)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FjusbJwI-z8
Jill Scott – Gettin’ In The Way (MJ Cole Remix)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TGz0tEn3vkQ

De la Soul – All good (Mj Cole Remix)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YUoVH3csdEY

Dubstep Selection:

Moldy – “Code and Chips” (2008)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dspFR7-kW2A

Skream – “Exothermic Reaction” (2011)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KandVSZbZAM
Skream – Give You Everything (feat. Freckles, 2010)
(Crosses over to 2step)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Au8yFdp9t1M&list=
PLA0E6C24FDF6193EA
YouTube Music Selection for Skream:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TUk7AHQsCLk&list=
PLA0E6C24FDF6193EA

Headhunter – “Quanta” (2007)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QGgsv7G4FKE
Headhunter – “Locus Lotus” (2009)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gt1lY1ie-ks
YouTube Music Selection for Headhunter
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BNs3cf277N4&list=PL35A610435546A1F4

Skrillex, Bare Noize, Foreign Beggars – Scatta (2010)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nw-YjVp_ibQ
Skrillex, Song Selection 2013
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=whTuOnHNNRM
Documentary, Skrillex in Mexico
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PfhZUcrVhzs

Rusko – Woo Boost (2010)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WtMlB-BEMso
Rusko – Hold On (feat. Amber Coffman, Sub Focus Remix, 2010)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NI2b7qXUlnE

Hatcha – “Chillz” (2008)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nH0cIXhQRXU
Hatcha – “Conga Therapy” (2003)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bN7Oh9hB8c

Benga – “I will Never Change” (2012)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mWsPOhUCgHM
Skream & Benga Mix – Heavy Bass – Real Deep, Dark Dubstep
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aLUKpR1A7Lo

Notice that Massive Attack puts an emphasis on the third beat. This makes their compositions quite accessible for dubstep remixes:
Massive Attack – “Angel” (1998)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hbe3CQamF8k
Massive Attack – “Angel” (Hereldeduke Re-Step) VIDLEG
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Knec8-cI818

Massive Attack – “Teardrop” (1998)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BAVUPu7URbc
Massive Attack – “Teardrop” (Chemical Brothers Remix)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wv24uMoGUZA

Massive Attack – Paradise Circus (2010)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEgX64n3T7g
Massive Attack – Paradise Circus (Zeds Dead Remix)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lL6Q0HJJBmE
Massive Attack – Paradise Circus (Gui Boratto Remix)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8srRWePbko

100 Dubstep Drops 2013
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8rGiKv1xkE0
100 Dubstep Drops 2013 Part #2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ThRATvj3LK0

Above: “portishead – documentaire – 1998 (welcome to portishead)”, included in the resource selections below.

List of online resources and music selection for week 5 of Hip-Hop to Dubstep, taught during the summer of 2013 at The New School’s  Media Studies, Department of Communication. I will be releasing brief notes based on my class lectures in the near future. If interested in looking at the actual class webpage with all the weekly selections at once, feel free to peruse this link: http://navasse.net/NS/NCOM3039A/. My notes will not be available on the class webpage, only on each corresponding entry here on Remix Theory. Please note that links may become broken. If and when this happens, the best thing to do is to search for the source by name. And do let me know if anything is broken and I will look into it.

View:
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Part 4

Week 5
Trip-Hop/Downtempo/Drum ‘n’ Bass
July 1 – July 5, 2013

Music Selection and Relevant Links:

The Drum and Bass Diaries: Episode I – What is Drum and Bass?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EAV8L7wae_I
The Drum and Bass Diaries: Episode II – What is a Rave?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GSC3plKDiZE
The Drum and Bass Diaries: Episode III – The Master of Ceremony
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uxkdckYB7VY
The Drum and Bass Diaries: Episode IV – The Life of a DJ
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bOcQHyGKj-A
The Drum and Bass Diaries: Episode V – Making Music
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-LnfVPV4Ymo
The Drum and Bass Diaries: Episode VI – The Next Generation
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t_FTwpM-m2o
The Drum and Bass Diaries: Episode VII – The Future
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OpHbkvdpG0
The Drum and Bass Diaries: Episode VIII – The Love
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-uNfg4w4v4w

The Bristol Sound
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V34aBj4txCc
MASSIVE ATTACK PORTISHEAD Bristol Academy, 19th February 2005
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WS8ghabeIGc
portishead – documentaire – 1998 (welcome to portishead)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rElcSg81Qgo

Roni Size – BBC 2 – The Works Documentary Part 1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3lErrB_AVGQ
Roni Size – BBC 2 – The Works Documentary Part 2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ddhuq_cc1Q8

To undestand the process and history of sampling, view Nate Harrison’s
“Amen Break”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5SaFTm2bcac
The Winstons – “Amen Brother”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxZuq57_bYM

The concept album (to be considered in relation to noise and the studio as a music instrument):
The Pet Sounds/Sgt. Pepper Connection-Part 1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cz4rHCRNy_U
The Pet Sounds/Sgt. Pepper Connection-Part 2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IU7fG_tQoPo

Trip-Hop/Downtempo Selection:

Double Dee and Steinski Lesson 1:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a8Bkk4fwBHw
Double Dee and Steinski Lesson 2 (1984):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vaFQX5_4qJw
Double Dee and Steinki Lesson 3 (1985):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u4HEhOObGYw

Coldcut – “Say Kids What time is it?” (1987)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gOlI-pi3Zug
Coldcut – “Beats and Pieces” (1987)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DyIQ2Nzcx_E
(Coldcut remixed Eric B & Rakim’s “Paid in Full” thanks to the recognition of the two tracks above. See week 4 for links that explain more about “Paid in full.”)
Coldcut was heavily influenced by the aesthetics of cut & paste as performed on the turntables by Grandmaster Flash on his well-known “Grandmaster
Flash’s Adventures on the Wheels of Steel” (1981)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gXNzMVLqIHg

DJ Shadow – “Midnight in a Perfect World”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FboDWxVuxc
JFB Midnight (Dj Shadow) Routine
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wgkzcid28ZU
Midnight In A Perfect World (Extended Version) – DJ Shadow
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oWRekgV671c
DJ Shadow – Midnight In A Perfect World [Gab Remix]
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MxK6GzfhuTo

Massive Attack – Protection (1994)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mpmc8m87
kIc&list=PLE02D96538B2819D1
Mad Professor vs. Massive Attack – No Protection (1994)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F3VhggpAgF8&list=PL-W4U8Ymet4oRlZyU62u22ZwW7lIvZ6h5

Massive Attack – “Thankful for what you’ve got” (1991)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gcEeqFTx2_k
The above is a cover of Vaughn’s pharmacy no prescription original recording:
William De Vaughn – “Thankful for What You’ve Got”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KDTXljIqxRE
William De Vaughn’s composition was recorded in various dance versions (currently not sure of proper authors of these remixes):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0KFpaWVy-Ac
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZycUHTlfGpA
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=778JCaw4eZ0
Remixed by Paul Oakenfold and Steve Osborne
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0H71Ps_1jU

Worth considering how Massive Attack’s cover gets remixed to fit the dialogue of a film (pay attention to how the verses get rearranged to complement the film):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lU4EnYbCHJM

Portishead – Dummy (1994)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c6Rvde1YeLE
Portishead – Roseland New York City (Live)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZFwnlCudeC0

Portishead – Numb
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6rJn_TEu5Y
Portishead – Numb (remix)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8VV8_BJQK8o

Portishead – “Sour Times”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g7gutsi1uT4
Blondie – “Heart of Glass”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WGU_4-5RaxU
Mashup – “Sour Glass” a mashup of Portishead “Sour Times” and Blondie’s “Heart of Glass”:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xzqyZFHOcE0

Massive Attack and Portishead – Glorybox
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=22kGEbIwmWY

Nightmares on Wax YouTube Music Selection from the Album Carboot Soul (1999):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SvOBGKhd8wg&list=
RD02OfHlA_ipUp0

DJ Kicks’ Thievery Corporation (1999)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wqTHBOd_H4E
Thievery Corporation Live at KCRW (2011)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QfwPJhwh0Ew

Kruder and Dorfmeister (KD Sessions)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iCU36y5utlw&list
=PLBF9F0CC9321D7F65
First song in the KD session above is a remix of Roni Size’s “Heroes”(1997) :
Roni Size “Heroes”: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xb7fQhz21OU

DJ Crush’s Strictly Turntablized (1995)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OkYNQHtjYWM

Tricky – “Aftermath” (1995)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FWNOzFnYCI4
Tricky – Maxinquaye (Album, 1995)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8Xum7NrlEE&list=
PLBA6E68A26EBED593

Early Drum ‘n’ Bass (Jungle) Selection (note selection starts in the mid-nineties, just as Jungle is coming out of hardcore):

Shy FX & UK Apachi – Original nuttah (1994)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AzbdBk6XQ6Y

Marvelous Cain – Hitman (1994)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZU_jg3e7Lso
Remix:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hhBLcc7iVNQ
Arguably a popular intro to cut into a set. Note the influence of dancehall in this version. Also note the Amen Break: Marvelous Cain – “Hitman (Dream Team Mix)”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQvG21alkTA
Marvelous Cain – “Jump Up” (1994)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n45a1p3tryE

DJ Hype & Ganja Max (Feat MC Fats & DJ Daddy) – “Rinse Out” (1995)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GaX31WvdB-A

TDK – “Friday” (Circa mid-90s)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfOuAq3xXKk

Splash – “Babylon” (1995)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prFk3bLlLMU

Rude Bwoy Monty – “Summer Sumting” (1995)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zo3Fs_jonHY

Krome & Time – “Licence” (1995)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GgDrr9fNA6U
(Note that it uses the splced amen break)
Krome & Time – “Ganja Man” (1995)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wSsVAzNXqRo

Droppin’ Science – “Easy” (1995)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BMU9-2oFi-U

Drum ‘n’ Bass Selection:

Goldie – Timeless (1995)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gN0yH4UrXjI

Goldie – “What You Won’t Do for Love (Radio Edit)” (1998)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gfkbRQIX3NQ
Compare Goldie’s version with 2pac’s “Do For Love” (1997)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=br6y-BmBmRU
Original by Bobby Caldwell – “What You Won’t Do for Love”(1978)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NQ-Bk63Hs8

Photek – Selections from Modus Operandi (1997)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gpryFZtdM0A&list=
PLUdmMccuxH2HJrCrFvMUa6g2VlyPvOpTI
Photek – various selections
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9qJKxaWb0_A&list=
RD021DIesf-xgz0
Photek – “Knitevision” (1998)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1DIesf-xgz0

Roni Size & Reprazent – Selections from New Forms (1997)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xb7fQhz21OU&list=
RD02CIU37LagLUM
Roni Size – “Watching Windows” (1997)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AZeGmKK8ZW0
Nuyorican Soul Remix of Roni Size’s “Watching Windows”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i59m7ppfvhk

DJ Die – “Slide Away” (1998)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_1vWWfe9OM4

Adam F – “Brand New Funk” (1998)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=81L-4BodG6o

Ray Keith – “Do it” (1998)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zybnM4x_1Vo

Todd Terry – “Blackout” (1999)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IITE8aR5pqk
Todd Terry – Resolutions (1999)
http://www.discogs.com/Todd-Terry-
Resolutions/master/113293

Digital – “Far Out” (Remix) (1997)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71IAGWwU5uw

Ed Rush – Sabotage (1997)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I0PxjQD8AKs

Aphrodite Music Selection
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TPXeDp2zwSc&list=
PL2BE2C5E5AD1963BA

Kemistry & Storm, radio session (1997)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3qUPkUWhfOM

Jazz/Ambient Drum ‘n’ Bass Selection:

T. Power vs. MK Ultra – “Mutant Jazz” (1995)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ep6QiLXHLy0

LTJ Bukem – Logical Progressions (1996-2000)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7xvcr8sCtlQ&list=
PL05E02CAEF38E1D6B

Cujo – “Traffic” (1997)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l2KLl9Vf_Dg

Kosma – “Aeroboot” (2002)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IVnIdWiol8Q

Red Snapper – “Crusoe Takes a Trip” (1996)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cP2WedALHmQ

Drum ‘n’ Bass covers/versions worth of note:

Sade – “Sweetest Taboo”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kcPc18SG6uA
Sweet Corner – “Sweetest Taboo”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B6glc6egYdg

Beatles, “Come Together”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=axb2sHpGwHQ
MC Olive, “Come Together” (1995)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DVkPYGZnLks

Inia Kamose – “Here Comes the Hotstepper”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRMVL_kji40
Ini Kamose – “Here Comes the Hotstepper” (Booyaka Remix) (1995)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kV3S4s3hLWs
The hip hop version takes the chorus from “Land of a Thousand Dances” by The Head Hunters (1965)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=etlD8gF8okI
R & B version by Wilson Pickett was more popular (1966):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7fa4BfPQiKs

Above: The Amen Break documentary by Nate Harrison, included in the resource selections below.

List of online resources and music selection for week 3 of Hip-Hop to Dubstep, taught during the summer of 2013 at The New School’s  Media Studies, Department of Communication. I will be releasing brief notes based on my class lectures in the near future. If interested in looking at the actual class webpage with all the weekly selections at once, feel free to peruse this link: http://navasse.net/NS/NCOM3039A/. My notes will not be available on the class webpage, only on each corresponding entry here on Remix Theory. Please note that links may become broken. If and when this happens, the best thing to do is to search for the source by name. And do let me know if anything is broken and I will look into it.

View:
Part 1
Part 2

Week 3
June 17 – 21, 2013
Dub/Disco/Hip-Hop

Music selection and relevant links:

The Joy of Disco – The Joy of Disco:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4zQpMnU6N4o

Amen Break Documentary (by Nate Harrison):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5SaFTm2bcac
The Winstons – Amen Brother:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxZuq57_bYM

Scratch
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bj1r6u8zLPo&feature=player_embedded

TB-303 Documentary – Bassline Baseline (2005)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLQwwtjtiY4

The hip hop years part 1:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LhrSlOa2bsA
The hip hop years part 2:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Qjs771lWnE
The hip hop years part 3:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E_46ig2V74I

Copyright Criminals
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tIoR3PYpduo

Music Selection from Jamaica, Dancehall:

Yellowman – King Yellowman (Full Album) 1984
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i11zpqkmupg
Yellowman Reggae Sunsplash 1982
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ko46_aXW_94

Mr Loverman- Shabba Ranks
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tcWif3u4A0A
House Call (Your Body Can’t LieTo Me), featuring Maxi Priest
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IwtAGWWC9y4

Elephant Man – Willie Bounce
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r038-tDd8eI

Elephant Man & Wyclef Jean – FIVE-O
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0nNiBgS4bZ0

YouTube Selection of Dancehall:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wH_0_
pijbZY&list=RD02IwtAGWWC9y4

Music Selection from UK, Northern Soul:

Frank Wilson – “Do I Love You” (Arguably once the rarest record ever)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwvpeYiQwss

The O’Jays – I Love Music (1975)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e_1s2UFc_z8

R Dean Taylor – There’s A Ghost In My House
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cp62EBeSZUc

Love On A Mountain Top – Robert Knight
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=96eiVUoWzB8

Bobby Freeman – “C’mon And Swim”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1l2agUPZ7lc

The four tops – I can’t help myself – Live HQ
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qXavZYeXEc0

Gloria Jones – “Tainted Love” (1964)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LKUjI_CbIY0
(Not northen soul, but a cover of “Tainted Love,” 1984 sequential mashup with “Where did our Love Go?” by Soft Cell, New Wave version):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=srtuQU20QXA

Music Selection from U.S., Disco (before mid-seventies, soul music influenced by the Motown sound):

Viva Tirado Live – El Chicano (1970) 1971 performance:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxmwPkqkCnk
(See Kid Frost below under rap for a sample used in a rap song)

Charles Wright & The Watts 103rd Street Rhythm Band “Love Land” (1970)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZ0yX05h3IQ

The Friends of Distinction – “Love or Let Me Be Lonely” (1970)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hnEbZjOhUQU

Manu Dibango – “Soul Makossa” (1973)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w2jYjUiulMQ

Kook and the Gang – “Jungle Boogie” (1974)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QHGOO73Gxg4

MFSB TSOP The Sound Of Philadelphia (1974)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-3nPLfG9gZY

Van McCoy – “The Hustle” (1975)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wj23_nDFSfE

Sylvester – You Make Me Feel (mighty real)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oG2ixYJ79iE

James Brown – The Original Disco Man DISCO (1979)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OHQJDbeT1lM

Village People – “In the Navy”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=InBXu-iY7cw

Village People – “Just a gigolo”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1FvVcagZln0

Donna Summer ” Love To Love You Baby ”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6iTciIqLxM
Donna Summer I Feel Love [Extended Dance Edit] (1977)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ljxm3NsnVI0
Donna Summer – I Feel Love (Patrick Cowley Megamix)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q1km3Fbeo0w

Le Freak – Chic (1978)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DbzooE7jtiE
“Le Freak (House/Funk Deep Remix)”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v9e1REw6WFY
Chic Megamix – in memory of Bernard Edwards (mixed in the tradition of the old days with two turntables)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AMlhtKw_Sds

More, More More – Andrea True Connection
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RlJGrIyt-X8

Bee Gees – “Staying Alive” (1979)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I_izvAbhExY

Bee Gees Megamix (Straight on two turntables, as it would be done at the club)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dxZckhvwsoM

Music Selection from U.S. (Electro-funk/techno-funk, or simply… “funk” as it was called and known to DJs playing it.)

Three key tracks that informed funk in the eighties:
Babe Ruth’s “The Mexican,” James Brown’s “The Payback”, and The Incredible Bongo Band’s “Apache”

“The Mexican” (break played by Mancuso and DJs in the Bronx, happens at 3:35 – 445)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_YhRkAF1tXM
Incredible Bongo Band – “Apache” (1973)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vnsc_U4sJ8Q
“Apache” is actually a cover originally recorded by The Shadows in 1969:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NoN6AKPGkBo
James Brown, “The Payback” (1973)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IST6qRfVqwY
James Brown’s drummer, Clyde Stubblefield is arguably the most sampled drummer in history:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OOS18vi7WLc

Unity by James Brown & Afrika Bambaataa
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b6hE5OmpKyc
Afrika Bambaataa and the Soul Soinc Force -“Planet Rock”
(extended mix, 1982)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7XPmOpLVZPI

Afrika Bambaataa, “Looking for the Perfect Beat”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2RJlYzBhLg4

Twilight 22 – “Electric Kingdom”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2RJlYzBhLg4

Al Naafiysh “The Soul” Side A:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zbvDORZ0HlU
Side B:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i46sF1PcqL8
It’s about time Remix:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8hLUjEO2ZCs

Cybotron “Clear”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fGqiBFqWCTU
“Clear” Frankie Bones (founder of House music) Remix:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kkrk5Gzo_2A

Herbie Hancock, “Rock it”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHhD4PD75zY
Live version (inspired many DJs including Mix Master Mike to become DJs–becaue of Grandmaster DSTs performance)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TN5ltss0NMA
See Mike Scratching:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0DLED7krHwU

Much of early electro-funk borrowed (sampled freely) or were heavily influenced by the music of Kraftwerk (Germany). Two songs that were heavily sampled are:
Kraftwerk – “Numbers”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4YPiCeLwh5o
Kraftwerk – “Transeurope Express”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qBGNlTPgQII

Newcleus was clearly influenced by the sound coming out of Germany. “Push the Button makes this quite evident.” Also note that while Newcleus were very much experimenting with electro-funk, they also would rap, as you will notice one of their most successful songs is included under the rap section below.

Newcleus – “Push the Button” (extended mix) (1983)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=67zWw4UfHWE
Newcleus – “Push the Button” (with vocal intro)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vatk9sF7qyI

The P Crew – “Nasty Rock” (1983)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y5rbZ-RQbIg

Midnight Star – “Freakazoid” (1983)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uRo426va26I

Music Selection from U.S., Hip Hop (Rap):

Grand Master Flash and the Furious Five – “The Message” (1982)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O4o8TeqKhgY

The Egyptian Lover “Egypt Egypt” (1983)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qjFs9CPGhts

The Egyptian Lover “I Need a Freak” (1983)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o4Cd9wGHtr0

Newcleus – “Jam on It” (1984)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zEmg5GaAHbk

Whodini – “Friends” (1984)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tECCvdWEweA
Whodini – “Five Minutes of Funk”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pskKw8sPtQk
Whodini – “Five Minutes of Funk” (Instrumental)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Y5pj1IoJ7Q

Ice T – “Reckless” (1984)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=POydN8X1GSY
Ice T – “Reckless” (extended mix)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CdnPn8QTDIU

Dr. Dre and the Wrecking Crew (1984)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RT9O-pUGsVM

World Famous Supreme Team (1984)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FHMVkqCKknc
Malcolm Mclaren, “World Famous” (1984)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dq_dDiLZl38
Malcom Maclaren, “Hobo Scratch” (1984)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B_mHENbpmHk

UTFO – “Roxanne Roxanne”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4KpngczmD7Q

Roxanne Shante “Roxanne’s Revenge”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zVy2LHKFG18

Run DMC – King of Rock (1985)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qXzWlPL_TKw
Run DMC – Sucker MCs (1984)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rXVFNs0piP8

Beastie Boys – License to Ill (1986)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7M7d8u40I4&list=PL07ABD2EB68C1C470

NWA, “Something 2 dance 2” (1988)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=794JyvaTHqQ
NWA, “Straight Out of Compton” (1988)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-MrQtOoQRpc

Public Enemy – “Don’t Believe the Hype” (1988)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9vQaVIoEjOM
Public Enemy – “Fight the Power” (1990)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8PaoLy7PHwk

Queen Latiffah and Monie Love – “Ladies First” (1989)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hLB5bUNAesc

Monie Love “Monie in the Middle” (1990)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AxHLYjz_oEs

Kid Frost – La Raza (1990)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bZ8AS300WH4
(See disco section for the original song “Viva Tirado” by El Chicano to hear the source of melody and percussion samples)

Music Selection from U.S., Hip Hop (Turntablism):

Grandmaster Flash, Adventures on the Wheels of Steel
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gXNzMVLqIHg
Grandmaster Flash Ibiza 2010
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nwvkRx0eV68
Grandmaster Flash live, 2011
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ue2BVDCF9Vg

DJ Shadow, “Midnight in a Perfect World”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nmzHRGoKca0

DJ Crush, Kemuri
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVjgRlto8PI

Invisible Skratch Picklz Live
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GQ3N6XADe9I

DJ Qbert, 2012 DMC
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SS0rl7IGHwA
DJ Qbert & Mix Master Mike 2012 DMC
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h7pVbJClzuc

Kid Koala (Jazz improvization, date unknown)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KbFIGFv4GLQ

Beat Junkies 1998
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=29TIvv5uIVE

Graphic by Ben Jackson and Chris Ritter as credited on Buzzfeed

The chart above was posted on Buzzfeed back in October of 2012. It was linked to an article titled “Why Remix Culture Needs New Copyright Laws.” The article revisits many of the issues that are still prevalent in 2013 in terms of remix. One would expect major changes at this stage of media production, especially with social media, but the chart reminds independent media producers that there is much work that needs to be done.

I received a tweet with the image above.  I think it’s a good remix in its own right. It appropriates not only the title of my book but also the concept behind the sound of music quite well.

Thanks to Harold Schellinx; his tweet: https://twitter.com/hefferman/status/321968978903851008/photo/1

Image: The four diagrams of The Framework of Culture. Each is discussed below.

Note: This text was commissioned for the exhibition Reuse Aloud, taking place at the NewBridge Project Space, Newcastle, England; and broadcasting 24 hours a day on basic.fm throughout March, 2013. Many thanks to the curators Will Strong and Rosanna Skett for commissioning the text.  A recorded version is also part of the exhibition.

An earlier version of this text was presented as my keynote speech for Remixed Media Festival in NYC.  In that occassion I only focused on literature. The version for Reuse Aloud was revised to include art and music as well. My thanks to Tom Tenney, director of the NYC festival for giving me the opportunity to test my ideas in front of a very receptive audience.

This text can also be downloaded as a PDF, which is friendlier for print, or for reading on tablets: NavasFrameNC_Web

Introduction

We live in a time when the self-awareness of recycling of material and immaterial things is almost taken for granted. I state almost because, as the following analysis demonstrates, the potential of recycling as a creative act in what we refer to as remix is in constant friction with cultural production. Consequently, the purpose of this essay is to demonstrate the importance of remix as a practice worthy of proper recognition exactly because of its ability to challenge the mainstream’s ambivalent acceptance of aesthetic and critical production that relies on strategies of appropriation, recycling, and recontextualization of material.

Proper recognition is only worthy when it is an attestation of a particular achievement, which can only come about through struggle. Arguably a type of struggle that is certainly recognized and even celebrated quite often, (which admittedly makes for romantic narratives) is the basic human struggle: the will to live. We can think of struggle here as a term spanning across all types of activities, from war to natural disasters—many which are now commonly shared all over the world.

But to begin with a more basic premise, struggle in its most abstract form can simply consist of reflecting on the pain of self-awareness; of having the burden of knowing that we just exist and, for the most part, will do anything to make sure that we will exist for as long as possible. Many of us are willing to find ways to extend our lives before we take our last breath. Others, admittedly, will struggle to leave this world as soon as possible; thus, it may be suicide the subject of struggle in such cases. But this brief reflection on struggle as a humanistic preoccupation is mentioned because we diligently have extended it to everything we produce. It is an important ingredient in what we may call progress.  As romantic as it may sound, human beings have the tendency to struggle in order to be better; whatever that means. And as we have grown as a complex global society, we have been able to extend our struggle on to and through media.

(more…)

Image source: slate, by Laura Terry.

Back in October of 2012 Simon Reynolds wrote a passionate piece on Remix Culture for Slate magazine titled “Your Are not a Switch” in which he calls out mainly scholars who are using the reference of the DJ and remixing to discuss issues of originality, and especially in his view, questioning the concept of the “genius.”  For me what is striking about Reynolds’s position is that he goes over much of the literature that has been produced for the last few years claiming that all of the authors (amazing that all of them,  a bit essentialist on his part disappointingly), especially those in academia are guilty of dismantling the originality in creativity.  To make a sweeping statement like this is troublesome enough but there is more.

As much as I like Reynolds’s research, including his most recent book titled Retromania, I have to say that his article is long-winded and does not contribute anything new, not even a strong counter-argument against the authors he calls out.  Reynolds appears to want to celebrate the artist as genius, and to do this he claims at the end of his article that there is something to the process of coming up with new material based on a unique interpretation.  Well, this is not so different from what some  of the authors that he is critiquing are saying.  In fact, this is the whole point of the books, such as Synreich’s Mashed up, or Amerika’s Remixthebook.  Perhaps it’s the “academic” or (I prefer) the systematic and rigorous approach of some of the publications that may come off as a way of killing the potential of creativity that is misread by Reynolds.  But to understand the grammar of a process, to understand the history, to understand the politics of a cultural activity does not mean that such an activity, in this case creativity, will whither. It simply means that we will understand it better and we need to because the process of borrowing from and being inspired by others now has turned into a material conflict that is finely tuned with economics.

I’m talking about copyright conflicts, of course. We need to understand the process of creativity because we need to make sure that it keeps flowing as it always has. With new technology we are able to archive more of that process and all that is archived becomes commodity in some way. This is really what is at play at the moment in, yes, all of the books and essays Reynolds is critical of; they are  contributions to overcoming such an impasse. And is creativity or the concept of the genius being redefined in this process? Yes.  But all things change, they evolve.  It’s the way we function.  We cannot hold on to some idea of genius or originality as it functioned in the past.  Just like photography redefined painting, just like the computer redefined just about every aspect of daily life, the concepts of the genius and originality are also being redefined.  And this is not a bad thing at all.

—–

I share a couple of paragraphs from Reynolds’s text below:

Look #1, Adam Harvey, http://cvdazzle.com/assets/images/comparison_lg.jpg (accessed October 12, 2012).

My text “The New Aesthetic and The Framework of Culture” was published in the Media-N Journal issue for Fall 2012: v.08 n.02: Found – Sampled – Stolen – Strategies of Appropriation in New Media . Media-N is The New Media Caucus‘s peer-review journal. Many thanks to Joshua Rosenstock and Pat Badani for their generous feedback, and editing.

Part of the introduction follows below.  For the full text visit Media-N.

This essay is a critical overview of the New Aesthetic in the context of what I define as The Framework of Culture. The New Aesthetic relies heavily on principles of remixing, and for this reason it is not so much a movement, but arguably more of an attitude towards media production that is overtly aware of computing processes that are embedded in every aspect of daily life. Material considered part of The New Aesthetic often, though not always, consists of pixilated designs that make reference to digital manipulation of contemporary media.

One of the The New Aesthetic’s resonating issues is that by using the word “new” it appears invested in the recontextualization of cultural production that is aware of its materialization through the use of digital technology. At the same time, it also appears to be revisiting much of what new media already examined during the early stages of networked communication beginning in the mid-nineties. [1] The subject of interest in this text is not whether The New Aesthetic may be something actually “new,” or simply a trend revisiting cultural variables already well defined by previous stages of media production. Rather, what is relevant is that The New Aesthetic makes evident how recycling of concepts and materials is at play in ways that differ from previous forms of production.

Read the complete article at Media-N

Image source: Re/mixed Media

Note: Below is the abstract for my Keynote Lecture at the 2012 Re/Mixed Media Festival, to take place at the Brooklyn Lyceum on November 10, 2012.

For the 2012 keynote talk, Eduardo Navas will discuss his research on how the recycling of material, as currently understood in terms of remix, is at play in literary practice in relation to a feedback loop which forms The Framework of Culture.*

Abstract:

The Framework of Culture makes possible the act of remixing. This Framework consists of two layers which function on a feedback loop. The first layer takes effect when something is introduced in culture; such element will likely be different from what is commonly understood, and therefore it takes time for its assimilation. The second layer takes effect when that which is introduced attains cultural value and is appropriated or sampled to be reintroduced in culture. The first layer privileges research and development. Creative literary practice as well as all of the arts function on the second layer, which is why, more often than not, their production consists of appropriation, or at least citation of material with pre-defined cultural value. The two layers have actually been in place since culture itself came about, but their relation has changed with the growing efficiency in production and communication due to the rise of computing. The presentation evaluates this change and its implication for creativity in contemporary cultural production.

—–

* The Framework of Culture is defined in Chapter One of my book, Remix Theory: The Aesthetics of Sampling.